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Contents
The secrets & wonders inside Pantheon Rome | Art, architecture & engineering marvels
What to see inside Pantheon Rome?
Grand Rotunda
The main space of the Pantheon is the grand rotunda, a massive circular hall with a diameter of approximately 43.3 meters (142 feet). The dome of the rotunda soars high above, reaching an apex at the center, where the oculus, a circular opening with a diameter of about 8.8 meters (29 feet), allows a stream of light to pour into the temple.
Oculus
The oculus is one of the most striking and unique features of the Rome Pantheon. Located at the very top of the dome, it is a circular opening that allows light to stream into the interior of the building. The oculus is the only source of natural light in the Pantheon, and it is responsible for creating a dramatic effect that changes with the time of day and weather conditions.
Coffered dome
The interior of the dome is adorned with a series of recessed panels known as coffers. These coffers serve both aesthetic and structural purposes, reducing the dome's weight and evenly distributing forces to enhance its stability. The geometric patterns of the coffers add visual interest and elegance to the dome's interior.
The floor and marble decorations
Underfoot, the floor showcases an elegant geometric pattern of colored marble, meticulously laid out in intricate designs. As you walk through the rotunda, the smoothness of the marble under your feet serves as a tactile reminder of the artistry that went into creating this architectural masterpiece.
The Altars
The Main Altar
The most notable relief is the Assumption of the Virgin Mary, which is located in the center of the altar. The Assumption of the Virgin Mary is a scene from the Bible that depicts the Virgin Mary being taken up to heaven by angels
The Altar of the Holy Spirit
This altar is located to the right of the main altar, and it is dedicated to the Holy Spirit. The altar of the Holy Spirit is made of marble and it is decorated with a relief of the Holy Spirit descending on the apostles. The relief is located in the center of the altar and it is surrounded by a border of flowers.
The Altar of St. Paul
This altar is located in the back of the Pantheon, and it is dedicated to St. Paul. The altar of St. Paul is made of marble and it is decorated with a relief of St. Paul being beheaded.
Chapels
Chapel of St. Joseph
The Chapel of St. Joseph is located in the northeast apse of the Pantheon. It is dedicated to Saint Joseph, the husband of the Virgin Mary and the foster father of Jesus Christ. The chapel is decorated with frescoes depicting scenes from the life of Saint Joseph.
Chapel of the Madonna of Clemency
The Chapel of the Madonna of Clemency is located in the southeast apse of the Pantheon. It is dedicated to the Virgin Mary, who is often depicted as the Madonna of Clemency. The chapel is decorated with a fresco of the Madonna of Clemency, which was painted by Giovanni Battista Gaulli in the 17th century.
Chapel of the Crucifixion
The Chapel of the Crucifixion is located in the southwest apse of the Pantheon. It is dedicated to the Crucifixion of Jesus Christ. The chapel is decorated with a fresco of the Crucifixion, which was painted by Giovanni Battista Piranesi in the 18th century.
Chapel of the Annunciation
The Chapel of the Annunciation is located in the northwest apse of the Pantheon. It is dedicated to the Annunciation of the Virgin Mary. The chapel is decorated with a fresco of the Annunciation, which was painted by Melozzo da Forlì in the 15th century.
Statues
Statue of Jupiter
Given that the Pantheon was dedicated to all the gods of ancient Rome, a prominent statue of Jupiter, the king of the gods in Roman mythology, might have been placed in a central position within the rotunda.
Statue of Mars
As the Roman god of war and one of the most important deities in the Roman pantheon, Mars could have been depicted in full military regalia, reflecting his role as the guardian and protector of the Roman state.
Statue of Venus
Venus, the goddess of love, beauty, and fertility, might have graced the interior of the Pantheon, symbolizing the prosperity and harmony that the Romans sought to embody in their daily lives.
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Frequently asked questions about what's inside the Pantheon Rome
What is the significance of the oculus inside the Pantheon Rome?
The oculus is a circular opening in the dome of the Pantheon. It serves as the only source of natural light inside the building and provides ventilation. The oculus creates a dramatic effect, with sunlight streaming through and casting unique patterns and shadows throughout the interior.
Are there any tombs or chapels inside the Pantheon Rome?
Yes, the Rome Pantheon houses several tombs and chapels. Notable tombs include those of the renowned artist Raphael and Victor Emmanuel II, the first king of a unified Italy. There are also chapels dedicated to different saints and religious figures, adding to the cultural and historical significance of the Pantheon.
Can visitors go inside the Roman Pantheon for free?
Yes, entry inside Rome Pantheon is free for visitors. However, please note that there might be lines during peak tourist seasons, so it's advisable to arrive early to avoid crowds.
How was the Pantheon's dome constructed?
The dome of the Pantheon is an architectural marvel. It was constructed using a combination of concrete and various lightweight materials, such as pumice stone. The dome is unique because it is the largest unsupported concrete dome in the world, showcasing the advanced engineering skills of the ancient Romans
Are there any restrictions on taking photographs inside the Pantheon?
Photography is generally allowed inside the Pantheon. However, flash photography and the use of tripods or other equipment that may obstruct the flow of visitors are typically not permitted. It's always best to check with the staff or posted signs for any specific photography guidelines during your visit.
Is the inside of the Pantheon wheelchair accessible?
Yes, the Pantheon is wheelchair accessible. There are ramps at the entrance, and the main interior area is accessible for individuals with mobility challenges. However, please note that some parts of the structure might have uneven surfaces due to its historical nature.
Can visitors attend religious services or ceremonies inside the Roman Pantheon?
Yes, the Pantheon continues to function as an active church. Masses and religious services are held inside the Pantheon, and visitors are welcome to attend, observe, and participate in these ceremonies if they wish.
Are there any restrictions on accessing certain areas of the Pantheon's interior?
The main interior area of the Pantheon is open to the public. However, certain areas, such as chapels or sections undergoing maintenance or restoration, might be temporarily closed off. Additionally, visitors are generally not allowed to touch or lean against the ancient walls or structures to preserve their integrity and protect them from damage.
